Reconstruction Mechanisms of the Gaza Strip after the 2023 War: A Comparative Analysis Informed by International Experiences

Abstract

The reconstruction of the Gaza Strip after the 2023 war has become a matter of significant concern for many stakeholders, due to the extensive destruction of infrastructure, public facilities, and residential areas. Previous reconstruction efforts have faced major challenges related to governance, financing, and coordination, which underscores the need to adopt mechanisms grounded in evidence and international experience. This study aims to develop conceptual frameworks for reconstruction mechanisms, informed by international experiences, in order to arrive at a comprehensive and effective vision for the reconstruction process.
The study employs the descriptive-analytical method and the comparative method to achieve its objectives. The main findings indicate that the reconstruction process in the Gaza Strip requires high-level international and local coordination; that internal division and regional and international polarization impede reconstruction efforts and prevent meaningful progress; and that previous international experiences in reconstruction highlight the importance of leadership, planning, and the exploitation of emerging opportunities, particularly in light of renewed regional and global attention.
The most important recommendations include: the need for the Palestinian Authority to establish an independent national reconstruction authority that enjoys political and popular support and is responsible for developing and implementing reconstruction plans; securing international guarantees for financing and implementation to prevent waste of resources and ensure continuity in funding flows; the necessity of benefiting from successful international experiences and adapting them to the local context in the Gaza Strip; and focusing on social and humanitarian dimensions of reconstruction-such as health, education, and housing-alongside economic projects, to ensure comprehensive and sustainable recovery. The study also recommends enhancing partnership with the Arab Republic of Egypt so that it assumes a pivotal role in leading reconstruction efforts in the Gaza Strip.